| Pedestrian walkway | Foot traffic, hand carts, and routine maintenance access | 4.8 kPa uniformly distributed load | 600–1,200 mm | 25 × 3 mm or 30 × 3 mm steel bar | 30 or 40 mm center-to-center | Plain or serrated top surface | Check pedestrian comfort, heel safety, and slip resistance |
| Industrial platform | Personnel, tools, and light service equipment | 7.5 kPa uniformly distributed load | 900–1,500 mm | 30 × 3 mm or 40 × 3 mm steel bar | 30 or 40 mm center-to-center | Serrated galvanized surface in wet areas | Verify support spacing and deflection under service load |
| Maintenance trolley route | Small wheeled carts or maintenance trolleys | 10 kPa distributed load plus local wheel loads | 1,000–1,500 mm | 40 × 5 mm steel bar | 30 mm center-to-center | Serrated surface with close mesh | Check wheel contact area, local bending, and openings |
| Occasional forklift access | Low-speed forklift crossing with defined wheel paths | 15 kPa equivalent load; confirm actual wheel loads | 1,000–1,500 mm | 50 × 5 mm or 60 × 5 mm steel bar | 30 mm center-to-center | Heavy-duty serrated surface | Design for concentrated wheel loads, impact, and braking effects |
| Light vehicle crossing | Passenger vehicles or service vehicles over a trench | 20 kPa equivalent load; use project vehicle loads | 1,500–2,000 mm | 60 × 5 mm or 75 × 5 mm steel bar | 30 mm center-to-center | Heavy-duty serrated or anti-skid surface | Check axle loads, wheel spacing, impact, and support bearing |
| Drainage trench cover | Pedestrian or vehicle traffic, depending on location | Must be based on the governing wheel or point load | 300–1,500 mm | Selected by structural calculation | 30 or 40 mm center-to-center | Close mesh with load-rated edge frame | Confirm opening size, frame anchorage, and removable-panel weight |
| Chemical or marine area | Pedestrian or maintenance traffic with corrosion exposure | Use the applicable load from the traffic class | 600–1,200 mm | Steel size selected for load and corrosion allowance | 30 or 40 mm center-to-center | Hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel, subject to exposure | Match material and coating to chlorides, chemicals, and drainage |
| Security or access panel | Occasional personnel access; restricted traffic | 4.8–7.5 kPa, subject to site requirements | Up to 900 mm | 25 × 3 mm or 30 × 3 mm steel bar | 30 mm center-to-center | Close mesh with bolted or hinged restraints | Prevent uplift, rattling, unauthorized removal, and trip hazards |